Mixed forest type

In the lower basins of the Nam Mang and the Nam Leuk rivers, a mixed forest type consisting of both dry Dipterocarp & Pine dry evergreen species is found. Only tree species that are adapted to drought conditions can survive on the exposed ridges and steep south facing slopes. During the dry season, there is almost no ground water input and the soil is often too thin to maintain water reserves. In these areas, the vegetation is often referred to as dry Dipterocarp because it is frequently dominated by 4 species of Dipterocarpaceae:
(Names of trees as following: Scientific name, Lao name, Common name)

They are often associated with 2 species of Pine:

These forests have a poorer canopy structure (with 60% cover) than other forests, their average height is around 20 m and there are only few emergent or under-storey species.

Other common species include:

One family (Rubiaceae) is particularly common in this kind of forest, featuring a wide variety in the lower stratum including:

Also few species of Fagaceae occur, such as

Under natural conditions, the extent of dry Dipterocarp/Pine forest would probably be very limited, but widespread disturbance over many years has resulted in a large increase in this forest type which now dominates most of the lowland vegetation.  

Mixed Deciduous forest  

On lighter soils or in areas far from permanent streams or without access to ground water, the vegetation type is mixed deciduous & Bamboo forest. The vegetation has to adapt to seasonal shortages of water; a small proportion of trees are evergreen but the majority are to some extent deciduous during the dry season.

Moreover, most of these forests contain a large amount of bamboo species which become increasingly dominant in more disturbed areas. Still, mixed deciduous/bamboo forests are almost as grand as evergreen forests, with a canopy of around 70% cover and an average height of 30 m, but there are few emergent or under-storey species. Most valuable hardwood timbers, now endangered species, can be found in mixed deciduous forest. Amongst them are:  

They have been often replaced by less valuable species such as:

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